01.为互相打分点赞／IN PRAISE OF RECIPROCAL GRADES

［01］为互相打分点赞／IN PRAISE OF RECIPROCAL GRADES

拇指姑娘是否会对老师进行评分？ Should Thumbelina grade her teachers?

关于这个问题的有趣的辩论不久前在法国掀起潮流。 A curious debate on this question raged in France not long ago.

远方的我很惊讶。 From afar, I was astonished.

在过去的四十年里，其他大学的学生一直在评价我。 For the past forty years, students at other universities have been grading me.

我并没觉得很难受，为什么？因为即使没有被要求，听课的人也总是会对他们的教授评头论足。 I didn’t come off badly. Why? Because, even without being required to do so, anyone who takes a course is always evaluating their professor.

在上课的第一天，一群学生挤进我的教室；今天只剩下三四个了。这是我被从数量上予以了处罚。或者说，从注意力上：学生要么在聆听课堂的内容，要么已经感觉无聊，注意力开始分散。究其因，口才是导致这件事的根源，聆听者会保持沉默。 On the first day of class, a crowd of students crammed into my classroom; today, only three or four are left: I have been penalized by numbers.Or by attention: students either listen or become bored, distracted, and disruptive. Cause of itself, eloquence finds its origin in the listener’s silence, itself born of eloquence.

黄龑：对于现代大学生来说，评论教授是很常见的一件事，我们很容易通过老师的备课，上课的传授方式和课后的互动性对一个老师进行界定。每个人的偏好有所不同，所以对于老师的评价也有很大区别。对于上座率这个话题，上课风格鲜明又幽默的老师，上座率普遍比较高。演讲自然就成为最重要的衡量标准，有些老师上课一直都让学生念演示文稿然后抄笔记，这样的课程自然是会被学生所唾弃的，如果只是这样念，大学的教育完全可以变成发放PPT然后背诵知识点再考试，老师的价值没有任何体现。

事实上，人们一直在被打分：情人，依据无声的情妇被打分；商人，依据客户的叫嚷被打分；媒体，依据收视率、收听率被打分；医生，依据涌入的病人被打分；当选的官员，依据选民的认可被打分。

In fact, everyone everywhere is always getting graded: a lover, by his silent mistress; a merchant, by the shouts of his customers; the media, by ratings; a doctor, by the influx of patients; elected officials, by the sanction of voters.

这很简单地说明了政府的问题。 This brings us, quite simply, to the question of government.

焦虑的母亲和心理学家鼓励分级制度，这种对打分的痴迷离开了学校并迅速入侵了民间社会，用出版的畅销书榜单、诺贝尔奖、奥斯卡奖、各种各样的金属奖杯去衡量高校、银行、公司以及国家的排名，甚至是在他们之前的一国国王和王后的排名。 The obsession with grading, encouraged by anxious mothers and psychologists, quickly left the schools and invaded civil society, which at every opportunity publishes lists of bestsellers, hands out Nobel Prizes, Oscars, and various Cups in false metal, ranks universities, rates banks, appraises companies and even states—and before them, kings and queens.

黄龑：很多学生选择名校继续深造，就像是买了一个保险，以为进入了好的学校，就会有好的就业，好的工作，然后过上好生活。即使有的学生想要去追寻自己的理想，做些不俗的事情，比如开个奶茶铺，也会遭受到父母和社会传统价值观的影响而难以坚持。但是现在越来越多的自由职业者辞职不干，选择去做一些“不稳定”的工作，发展自己的兴趣，例如旅游职业者等等，他们在做这种转变的先驱，现在的年轻人可以也有权利去做自己想做的事。

翻过这一页，亲爱的读者，到时你也会对作者，我本人，品评一番的。

In turning this page, dear reader, you will at that very moment be evaluating me as an author.

一种双面恶魔迫使我们判断事情是好还是坏，是无辜或是有害。然而，真正的明晰，在于辨别出哪些随旧世界死亡，哪些随新世界显现。

A kind of two-faced demon compels us to judge something to be good or bad, innocent or harmful. True lucidity, however, discerns what is dying in the old world and emerging in the new.

今天，反转正在发生，它在打分者与被打分者之间促生对称流通，在掌权者与被征服者之间促生互惠互济。大多数人似乎都认为，一切都是自上而下的，从布道坛到台下的条凳，从受选人到选民。

Today, a reversal is occurring that promotes a symmetrical circulation between the graders and the graded, a reciprocity between the powerful and the subjugated. Most people seem to believe that everything flows from top to bottom, from the pulpit to the pews, from the elected to the electors.

在上，供应呈现一切，在下，需求吞没一切。大卖场、伟大的图书馆、强大的首席执行官、部长和政治家都认为我们无能，慷慨地给予我们这些小人物好处。 Upstream, the supply is presented; downstream, the demand swallows everything. Large megastores, great libraries, powerful CEOs, ministers, and statesmen, presuming our incompetence, generously bestow their beneficent rain on we little people.

也许这样的情况在某种程度上存在，但是在我们的生活中，在工作中，医院，路 上，团体，公共场所，到处都已经结束了。摆脱这些假定的驾驶员——我的意思是这些不对称的关系——新的流通正使我们去听声音，如同音乐般的人声。

Perhaps such a situation existed at some point, but it has ended in our lifetimes—at work, in the hospital, on the road, in groups, in public places, everywhere. Freed from these supposed drivers—by which I mean these asymmetrical relations—the new circulation is making us listen to the sound, quasi-musical, of its voice.

黄龑：其实旧有观念正面临着巨大的冲击，很多企业家预言未来10年30%的实体企业将面临倒闭。鸡汤文里也常说，我们追求的这种稳定，正在慢慢毁灭我们。所以父母和社会认为的“保险”式的稳定工作，其实是极其不稳定的。互联网时代的人更加倾向的是通过电子媒介的传播所产生的工作和相关发展，这就是为什么经营公众号成为现如今很多媒体人的新工作。以前所谓强权政治下，上方领导层的言论下达到底部，所有的人都惟命是从，甚至感恩戴德，但如今形势转变，我们不拘泥于获得上级想传达的东西，我们在探求那些隐藏在“给予”背后的“真相”，这种转变正在发生，很多人已经参与进来了！